Captain Economics
[Título editado después de los comentarios sobre el uso de la palabra "economistas". Nos cambiamos a "Economía Twitosphere", que está más cerca de lo que el algoritmo realmente identificar] ¿Cómo es posible medir la influencia en línea en Twitter? Y la manera de identificar las 100 mejores cuentas de Twitter más influyentes relacionados con la economía? Para abordar esta cuestión, y siguiendo una metodología inspirada en el documento de trabajo "Measuring User Influence in Twitter: The Million Follower Fallacy", desarrollamos un programa bastante simple en Python para extraer datos sobre relación seguidores en Twitter, y usamos una estrecha algoritmo a la "Google PageRank" para clasificar y rango cuenta por influencia. Agrupamos los datos utilizando el algoritmo Fuerza Atlas y usamos Gephi para dibujar el gráfico wonderfuuuuuul verá al final de este artículo. Pero ¿cómo funciona con mayor precisión? Vamos a tratar de explicar este léxico "nongeek" paso a paso, usando (si lo que deseas es ver el gráfico y / o la lista final, usted puede ir directamente a la final de este artículo).
Paso 1 - Identificar una lista de cinco economistas influyentes en Twitter: Primero tenemos que definir manualmente (subjetivamente) una lista cerrada de 5 economistas influyentes. Tratamos de ser lo más objetivo posible, y finalmente elegimos los cinco siguientes cuentas (3 ganadores del Premio Nobel, y dos economistas con respectivamente 70 K + y + 300K seguidores). Esta lista puede ser criticado, pero nos encontramos con que nuestros resultados son robustos a la lista inicial utilizado.
- Paul Krugman (NYTimeskrugman)
- Joseph Stiglitz (JosephEStiglitz)
- Robert Shiller (RobertJShiller)
- Justin Wolfers (JustinWolfers)
- Nouriel Roubini (Roubini)
Paso 2 - Extraer a todas las cuentas, seguidas por esas cinco cuentas: Utilizamos Twitter API para extraer e introducir en una base de datos de Twitter ID de todas las cuentas, seguido por los usuarios de la lista antes definidos ... Por ejemplo, Justin Wolfers sigue 587 otra usuarios, por lo que añadir todos aquellos usuarios de nuestra base de datos. Y lo hemos hecho lo mismo por Krugman (que sigue a sólo 2 usuarios), Stiglitz (78), Shiller (23) y Roubini (381).
Paso 3 - Identificar los diecinueve "usuarios más comúnmente seguidos": Hacemos la hipótesis de que cuando los usuarios influyentes comúnmente siguen otro usuario, este usuario debe también ser influyentes. Identificamos los diecinueve "más comúnmente seguida cuenta de Twitter" y añadir esas cuentas a nuestra base de datos de usuario. ¿Por qué 19? Simplemente porque vamos a utilizar 5 iteraciones (añadiendo 5 veces las 19 cuentas más comúnmente seguidos), y 19 * 5 + 5 = 100. Por ejemplo, Branko Milanovic (BrankoMilan) es seguido por Stiglitz, Roubini y Wolfers, así que le añada a la lista. Otras cuentas de influencia identificados de esta manera durante la primera iteración incluyen Bradford DeLong (delong), Austan Goolsbee (Austan_Goolsbee), Richard Thaler (R_Thaler), Jason Furman (CEAChair), Proyecto-Sindicato (Prosyn) y la Oficina Nacional de Investigación Económica (nberpubs). El siguiente gráfico muestra los vínculos entre los 24 usuarios después de la primera iteración. Los enlaces se dirigen (mostrando cuando una cuenta sigue a otro) y el tamaño del nodo depende de enlaces entrantes.
top-influyente economista
Paso 4 - Vuelva al paso 2 y extraer información sobre las diecinueve nuevas cuentas
Paso 5 - Vuelva al paso 3 y añadir los "diecinueve usuarios más comúnmente seguido": Uso de la lista de la gráfica anterior de 24 cuentas, en lugar de la lista inicial de 5 cuentas. Y una y otra vez, hasta alcanzar 100 cuentas
Paso 6 - Abrir Gephi utilizar una clasificación "tipo PageRank", para clusterizar los datos y para crear un gráfico: Y se acabó! Así que aquí está el gráfico final, y por debajo de la lista de las 100 cuentas más influyentes identificados con nuestra metodología. El tamaño del nodo representa la influencia y la distancia entre dos nodos depende de la similitud entre las cuentas. Está lejos de ser perfecto, por supuesto (nuestro objetivo inicial era identificar "economistas", y terminamos con un buen montón de periodistas que hablan de economía y finanzas ... pero los periodistas son muy activo e influyente en Twitter así que no es una gran sorpresa ), pero en realidad estamos bastante contentos con la lista definitiva, ya que es coherente con nuestros puntos de vista (limitadas y parciales) de la "red económica Twitter". Y los ganadores son ....
Top 100
Top 100
| Adam Davidson | Co-founder of NPR's Planet Money. On Money columnist, NY Times Magazine. |
| Adam Posen | President, Peterson Institute for International Economics; advises central banks & governments, and fixed income investors; proclaiming on policy daily |
| Alan B. Krueger | Professor of Economics at Princeton University, Former Chairman of the President's Council of Economic Advisers |
| Amir Sufi | Chicago Board of Trade Professor of Finance at Chicago Booth, co-director IGM at Chicago Booth, book House of Debt now available!! |
| Andrew Ross Sorkin | New York Times Columnist & CNBC Squawk Box (@SquawkCNBC) Co-Anchor. Author, Too Big To Fail. Founder, @DealBook. Proud father. RTs ? endorsements |
| Annie Lowrey | I write about the economy for @nymag. |
| Atul Gawande | Surgeon, Writer, Researcher, Dilettante. |
| Austan Goolsbee | Econ prof at U.Chicago's Booth School of Business and former Chairman of the Council of Economic Advisers. Strategic partner, @32Advisors |
| Barry Eichengreen | George C. Pardee and Helen N. Pardee Professor of Economics and Political Science, University of California, Berkeley, NBER Research Associate, CEPR Res Fellow |
| Barry Ritholtz | Director of Cognitive Dissonance |
| Ben Casselman | Chief economics writer for @fivethirtyeight. Formerly with the Wall Street Journal. Links/RTs are not endorsements. |
| Ben Smith | BuzzFeed Editor-in-Chief. Beats working for a living. Email or gchat me at ben@buzzfeed.com. AIM benobserver. |
| Ben White | POLITICO Chief Economic Correspondent and Morning Money columnist, CNBC contributor, dad. ex NYT, FT, WP. RTs mean I love you. |
| Betsey Stevenson | Former Chief Economist at Labor. Current academic economist at Michigan. Always an economist at home. |
| Betsey Stevenson | Member of President Obama's Council of Economic Advisers. Tweets may be archived. More at http://t.co/QjVMIjASt0. |
| Binyamin Appelbaum | Washington correspondent for The New York Times. bappelbaum@nytimes.com |
| Blake Hounshell | Editorial director, digital, at POLITICO, formerly at Foreign Policy. Mostly international, some politics. RT means it's interesting. bhounshell[at]politico |
| brad plumer | Senior editor at http://t.co/NQERH88gK8. On the apocalypse beat, more or less. |
| Branko Milanovic | 1) Income inequality; 2) Politics; 3) History; 4) Soccer. Author of The Haves and the Have-nots: A brief and idiosyncratic history of global inequality. |
| Brookings Econ | Aims to increase understanding of how the economy works and what can be done to help it work better. |
| Cardiff Garcia | Cold shower, always running. Opinions are mine, obviously, but why aren't they yours? |
| Cass Sunstein | Professor of Law, interested in behavioral economics. |
| Catherine Rampell | Opinion columnist at @washingtonpost. Previously econ reporter/moonlighting theater critic at @nytimes. |
| Christopher Hayes | Host of All In with Chris Hayes on MSNBC, Weeknights at 8pm. Editor at Large at The Nation. Cubs fan. |
| Chrystia Freeland | Liberal MP for Toronto Centre. Author. Proud wife and mother of three. Runner when I can squeeze it in. |
| Dani Rodrik | |
| Daniel Drezner | Professor @FletcherSchool. Writer of Spoiler Alerts @washingtonpost. Author of The System Worked http://t.co/25PEMgHcK8. Shaker of hands with Mel Brooks. |
| Daniel Gross | Executive Editor, Strategy + Business. Author of books. Writer of columns at Slate, DailyBeast, Newsweek, Yahoo!. Purveyor of one-liners. |
| daveweigel | Roving reporter for @bpolitics. Finishing a book about progressive rock (W.W. Norton, 2015). daveweigel@gmail.com, 302-507-6806. |
| David Frum | Senior Editor, The Atlantic. Chairman, Policy Exchange. David.Frum(at)theAtlantic(dot)com |
| David Leonhardt | Now: editor, The Upshot, for NYT. Then: DC bureau chief, Here's the Deal e-book, Pulitzer for commentary, math major. Still: Jim Rice, ma la, Art Blakey |
| David Wessel | Director, Hutchins Center on Fiscal & Monetary Policy, Brookings institution. Contributing correspondent, The Wall Street Journal |
| Dean Baker | I am an economist and co-director of the Center for Economic and Policy Research. I also run the blog Beat the Press (@beat_the_press) |
| Derek Thompson | Senior editor @TheAtlantic. Economics of work and play. Mondays @hereandnow. EMAIL: derek[at]theatlantic[dot]com |
| Donald Marron | Economist and nature lover. Director of Economic Policy Initiatives & Institute Fellow @UrbanInstitute. Writer about economics, finance, and life. |
| Douglas Holtz-Eakin | President of the American Action Forum (@AAF), Fmr. CBO Director, and @twizzlers fanatic. |
| Dylan Matthews | I know, I know, I don't like me either. Retweets are proposals of marriage. |
| Eduardo Porter | Journalist and author. Write Economic Scene column for NYT. Author of The Price of Everything. |
| Erik Brynjolfsson | Economics of information and information technology, digitization, strategy, business intelligence. Co-author of The Second Machine Age #2MA |
| Evan Soltas | Bloomberg View. Vox. Princeton. |
| Ezra Klein | Editor-in-chief, http://t.co/hH5hVMv0KR. Policy analyst at MSNBC. Eater of food. Hater of filibuster. Lover of charts. |
| Farhad Manjoo | I write about technology for the New York Times. Anyone can DM me. I prefer DM PR pitches. farhad.manjoo@nytimes.com Snapchat: fmanjoo |
| Felix Salmon | To test the resolution of the young with tales of the small failings of the great, and shame the eager with ironic praise. |
| FiveThirtyEight | The home of Nate Silver's FiveThirtyEight on Twitter. Politics, Economics, Science, Life, Sports. |
| Garance Franke-Ruta | Editor in Chief, @YahooPolitics, a @YahooNews production. Politics, media, breaking. |
| Greg Ip | Chief economics commentator for The Wall Street Journal, and author of The Little Book of Economics, a citizen's economic primer. |
| Henry Blodget | Hello! I'm the founder, editor, and CEO of Business Insider. Thanks for following me! |
| J. Bradford DeLong | Primate, economist, utopian, shrill: macroblog: http://t.co/uVDLXYdxZg |
| Jack Shafer | Politico. Formerly Reuters, Slate, SFWeekly, Washington City Paper, Inquiry. Email list: http://t.co/qS6GJKmn8c RSS: http://t.co/gIrIllsnpY |
| James Fallows | National correspondent, the Atlantic |
| James Pethokoukis | Peth-uh-KOO-kiss | American Enterprise Institute. CNBC Contributor. Jeopardy! champ. @TheWeek, @NRO, @Commentary, @NationalAffairs. Ex-Reuters columnist |
| Jared Bernstein | Senior Fellow at @CenterOnBudget, former Chief Economist and Economic Adviser to Vice President Joe Biden, and author of the forthcoming book “The Reconnection |
| Jason Furman | Chairman of President Obama's Council of Economic Advisers. Tweets may be archived. More at http://t.co/eaLyyFdh32. |
| Jesse Eisinger | Senior Reporter @ ProPublica. New York Times Dealbook columnist. Wall St & Finance. Green Bay Packers. @sarahlellison's husband. |
| Jim Tankersley | Economic Policy Correspondent, The Washington Post. Dad. Backpacker. Cardinal. Oregonian eternal. |
| John Cassidy | http://t.co/gpdFMVCdBz |
| Jonathan Chait | Writer for New York magazine. jbchait@gmail.com; a no-talent illiterate hack -- Donald Trump |
| Jonathan Cohn | Writer at the Huffington Post, covering health care, social welfare, and other policy issues. Come for the journalism, stay for the Billy Joel interludes. |
| Joseph E. Stiglitz | The official account of Joseph E. Stiglitz, Nobel laureate economist based at Columbia University. |
| Joseph Weisenthal | Doing something new at Bloomberg. |
| Josh Barro | Correspondent for The Upshot at The New York Times. Host of MSNBC's Three Cents web show. Like Oprah, but judgmental and negative. josh.barro@nytimes.com |
| Justin Fox | Columnist @BV. Eater of free snacks. |
| Justin Wolfers | Senior Fellow—Peterson Institute for International Economics | Professor @UMichEcon & @FordSchool | Contributing Columnist @NYTimes | Visiting Prof @USydneyEcon |
| Kelly Evans | CNBC by way of WSJ. |
| Kevin Drum | Political blogger and writer for Mother Jones magazine. |
| Lawrence H. Summers | Charles W. Eliot Professor and President Emeritus at Harvard. Secretary of the Treasury for President Clinton and the Director of the NEC for President Obama. |
| Lizzie O'Leary | aspiring hildy johnson. |
| Marc Andreessen | Where's the kaboom? There was supposed to be an earth-shattering kaboom! |
| Mark Thoma | |
| Martin Wolf | An automated feed of FT content by Martin Wolf, chief economics commentator at the Financial Times. Account maintained by FT's social media team. |
| Matt O'Brien | I write about economics for Wonkblog. Formerly the Atlantic & TNR. |
| Matt Yglesias | Executive Editor at Vox. |
| Matthew C. Klein | FT Alphavillain. I took the background picture (of Everest). |
| Matthew Zeitlin | Finance reporter @BuzzFeedNews matt.zeitlin@buzzfeed.com |
| Megan McArdle | Columnist @BloombergView. Ex-Economist, Newsweek, The Atlantic. Opinions my own. Buy my new book, The Up Side of Down! http://t.co/IWQZBRQ0uO |
| Mike Allen | Chief White House correspondent, POLITICO |
| Mike Konczal | Economics, finance. @RooseveltInst Fellow. @thenation contributor. Always dressed and buttoned up. |
| Modeled Behavior | Adam Ozimek. More serious econ blog: http://t.co/g0x3TXsuVx More fun econ blog: http://t.co/ZBSpoqUM0P |
| Motoko Rich | New York Times national preK-12 education reporter. Back in the day: economics, book publishing, real estate. Still interested in all of it. WSJ, FT alum. |
| Nate Silver | Editor-in-Chief, FiveThirtyEight. Author, The Signal and the Noise (http://t.co/9mLliQYI8N). Sports/politics/food geek. |
| NBER | The National Bureau of Economic Research is dedicated to promoting a greater understanding of how the economy works. |
| Neil Irwin | Senior economic correspondent at The New York Times's The Upshot and author of The Alchemists: Three Central Bankers and a World on Fire. |
| Noah Smith | Multi-class Half-Elven Finance Prof/Blogger (lvl 2/12) |
| Noam Scheiber | Labor and workplace reporter for NY Times. Ex-TNR. Author of The Escape Artists, book on Obama admin & economy. noamscheiber@gmail.com |
| Nouriel Roubini | Professor at Stern School, NYU, Chairman of Roubini Global Economics (http://t.co/wbkoj5TAgj), blog at http://t.co/Z42QiBDfB2 Author of Crisis Economics |
| NPR's Planet Money | Your global economy, explained. Email us planetmoney@npr.org. Subscribe to our twice weekly podcast in iTunes. |
| NYT Opinion | Editorials, columns, Op-Ed essays, letters, blog posts, more from @nytimes. opinion@nytimes.com. |
| Paul Krugman | Nobel laureate. Op-Ed columnist, @nytopinion. Author, “The Return of Depression Economics,” “The Great Unraveling,” “The Age of Diminished Expectations” + more. |
| Paul Romer | Professor, NYU Stern; Director http://t.co/rQelsMGpc9 |
| Pedro da Costa | Reporter covering Federal Reserve and economics at The Wall Street Journal. Previously at Reuters. Reasonably confident interest rates will one day rise again. |
| Peter Coy | Bloomberg Businessweek Economics Editor. Also reachable at pcoy3@bloomberg.net. |
| Peter Orszag | Peter Orszag is an economist, runner, vice chair at Citi and columnist at @BloombergView |
| Project Syndicate | The World's Opinion Page || en français: @ProSyn_Fr || en español: @ProSyn_Esp || RT = FYI |
| Real Time Economics | Economic insight and analysis from The Wall Street Journal. Tweets by @BeckyBowers and @SarahPortlock. |
| Reihan Salam | @NRO, @NR_Institute, @CNN, @Slate, @NationalAffairs, @VICE |
| Richard Florida | Director, @MartinProsperiT University of Toronto, Global Research Professor NYU, Co-founder & Editor at Large @CityLab |
| Richard H Thaler | Professor of Behavioral Science and Economics, Booth School of Business, University of Chicago, co-author of Nudge (2008) and Misbehaving (2015). |
| Robert Costa | National political reporter, @washingtonpost |
| Robert J Shiller | Economist at Yale University. Irrationally Exuberant. |
| Robert Reich | Husband, father, grandfather, Berkeley professor, former US Secretary of Labor. Movie INEQUALITY FOR ALL now available on Netflix, iTunes, DVD. |
| Robin Harding | Tokyo bureau chief for the Financial Times. Recovering Fed-watcher. Blathering here about Japan and the global economy. |
| Ross Douthat | New York Times columnist, National Review film critic, author of Bad Religion: How We Became a Nation of Heretics (Free Press, 2012). |
| Ryan Avent | News editor for The Economist |
| Ryan Lizza | write for @newyorker, talk on @cnn, teach at @georgetown |
| Sarah Kliff | I write for Vox. Formerly: Washington Post, Politico, Newsweek and, back in the day, Student Life. Health-care nerd. sarah@vox.com |
| Simon Johnson | Simon Johnson. Co-author of White House Burning (http://t.co/aET2U5hlDP) and 13 Bankers (http://t.co/jv6uH8Tzjp). |
| Strobe Talbott | President, Brookings Institution |
| Sudeep Reddy | I am an economics editor at The Wall Street Journal. |
| Suzy Khimm | Soon: Writing features at The New Republic. Formerly: MSNBC, The Washington Post. Always: Not @seungminkim. |
| The Economist | News and analysis with a global perspective. Follow for article updates, events and news from The Economist. To subscribe go to: http://t.co/VJbacSdRCj |
| The Upshot | Analytical journalism in words and graphics from The New York Times. Our newsletter: http://t.co/DclvAjp9cj |
| Tim Harford | Author of Adapt; Undercover Economist at the FT; presenter of More or Less, Radio 4. (Email v/ website is best for important messages.) Views my own, of course. |
| tom keene | bloomberg surveillance |
| Tony Fratto | Hamilton Place Strategies; CNBC Contributor; Board Member - @WFPUSA & @CGDev; K Street Capital; GWU Dist Fellow; frmr US Treasury & WH official. |
| tylercowen | Professor of Economics, George Mason University, blogger at http://t.co/1Pkhb9zvBt. |
| Vox | Understand the news. |
| Will Wilkinson | Writerer. Teaches at University of Tennessee, Chattanooga. Assistant non-fiction editor for Gulf Coast. Blogger for The Economist. |
| William Easterly | NYU Econ Prof; author of The Tyranny of Experts: Economists, Dictators, and the Forgotten Rights of the Poor |
| Zachary Goldfarb | Policy editor at The Washington Post. @Wonkblog, economics and policy. Previously: White House & economics correspondent. |
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